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Join The TutorLumin Learning Platformbookscutting-edge techlearning tipscampusAI integrationmuseuminteractive gamesvisual explanationsweekly notes unlockedlive classesquizzesABHeightHHydrogen1s¹1.0081+1−12.201312.0LiLithium1s² 2s¹6.943+1−10.98520.2BeBeryllium1s² 2s²9.01224+21.57899.5NaSodium[Ne] 3s¹22.990110.93495.8MgMagnesiumMagnesium[Ne] 3s²24.30512+2+11.31737.7KPotassium[Ar] 4s¹39.09819+10.82418.8CaCalcium[Ar] 4s²40.07820+21.00589.8RbRubidium[Kr] 5s¹85.46837+10.82403.0SrStrontium[Kr] 5s²87.6238+20.95549.5CsCaesium[Xe] 6s¹132.9155+10.79375.7BaBarium[Xe] 6s²137.3356+20.89502.9FrFrancium[Rn] 7s¹(223)87+10.70380.0RaRadium[Rn] 7s²(226)88+20.90509.3ScScandium[Ar] 3d¹ 4s²44.95621+3+2+11.36633.1YYttrium[Kr] 4d¹ 5s²88.90639+3+2+11.22600.0LaLanthanum[Xe] 5d¹ 6s²138.9157+3+21.10538.1AcActinium[Rn] 6d¹ 7s²(227)89+31.10499.0+1−1CeCerium[Xe] 4f¹ 5d¹ 6s²140.1258+4+3+21.12534.4ThThorium[Rn] 6d² 7s²232.0490+4+3+21.30587.0Pr[Xe] 4f³ 6s²140.9159+4+3+21.13527.0NdNeodymium[Xe] 4f⁴ 6s²144.2460+3+21.14533.1PaProtactinium[Rn] 5f² 6d¹ 7s²231.0491+5+4+31.50568.0UUranium[Rn] 5f³ 6d¹ 7s²238.0392+6+5+4+31.38597.6PmPromethium[Xe] 4f⁵ 6s²(145)61+3540.0SmSamarium[Xe] 4f⁶ 6s²150.36621.17544.5NpNeptuniumNeptunium[Rn] 5f⁴ 6d¹ 7s²(237)93+7+6+5+4+31.36604.5PuPlutonium[Rn] 5f⁶ 7s²(244)94+7+6+5+4+31.28584.7EuEuropium[Xe] 4f⁷ 6s²151.9663+3+2547.1GdGadolinium[Xe] 4f⁷ 5d¹ 6s²157.2564+3+2+11.20593.4AmAmericium[Rn] 5f⁷ 7s²(243)95+6+5+4+3+21.30578.0CmCurium[Rn] 5f⁷ 6d¹ 7s²(247)96+4+31.30581.0TbTerbium[Xe] 4f⁹ 6s²158.9365+4+3+1565.8DyDysprosiumDysprosium[Xe] 4f¹⁰ 6s²162.50661.22573.0BkBerkelium[Rn] 5f⁹ 7s²(247)97+4+31.30601.0CfCalifornium[Rn] 5f¹⁰ 7s²(251)981.30608.0HoHolmium[Xe] 4f¹¹ 6s²164.9367+31.23581.0ErErbium[Xe] 4f¹² 6s²167.2568+31.24589.3EsEinsteinium[Rn] 5f¹¹ 6s²(252)991.30619.0FmFermium[Rn] 5f¹² 7s²(257)1001.30627.0TmThulium[Xe] 4f¹³ 6s²168.93691.25596.7YbYtterbium[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 6s²173.0570603.4MdMendelevium[Rn] 5f¹³ 7s²(258)1011.30635.0NoNobelium[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 7s²(259)1021.30642.0LuLutetium[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹ 6s²174.9771+31.27523.5LrLawrencium[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 7s² 7p¹(262)103+3470.0Praseodymium+3+2+3+2+4+3+1+3+2+3+2+3+2+3+2+3+2+3+2321GroupPeriod1234567ClTiTitanium[Ar] 3d² 4s²47.86722+4+3+2+1−11.54658.8VVanadium[Ar] 3d³ 4s²50.94223+5+4+3+2+1−11.63650.9ZrZirconium[Kr] 4d² 5s²91.22440+4+3+2+11.33640.1NbNiobium[Kr] 4d⁴ 5s¹92.90641+5+4+3+2−11.60652.1HfHafnium[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d² 6s²178.4972+4+3+21.30658.5TaTantalum[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d³ 6s²180.9573+5+4+3+2−11.50761.0RfRutherfordium[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d² 7s²[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d³ 7s²(261)104+4580.0DbDubnium(262)105+5CrChromium[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹51.99624+6+5+4+3+2+1−1−21.66652.9MnManganese[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²54.93825+7+6+5+4+3+2+1…−31.55717.3MoMolybdenum[Kr] 4d⁵ 5s¹95.9542+6+5+4+3+2+1−1−22.16684.3TcTechnetium[Kr] 4d⁵ 5s²(98)43+7+6+5+4+3+2+1−1−31.90702.0WTungsten[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s²183.8474+6+5+4+3+2+1−1−22.36770.0ReRhenium[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁵ 6s²186.2175+7+6+5+4+3+2+1−1−31.90760.0SgSeaborgiumSeaborgium(266)106+6BhBohrium(264)107+7FeIron[Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²55.84526+6+5+4+3+2+1−1−21.83762.5CoCobalt[Ar] 3d⁷ 4s²58.93327+5+4+3+2+1−1−21.91760.4RuRuthenium[Kr] 4d⁷ 5s¹101.0744+8+7+6+5+4+3+2+1−22.20710.2RhRhodium[Kr] 4d⁸ 5s¹102.9145+6+5+4+3+2+1−12.28719.7OsOsmium[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁶ 6s²190.2376+8+7+6+5+4+3+2+1−22.20840.0IrIridium[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁷ 6s²192.2277+6+5+4+3+2+1−1−32.20880.0HsHassium(277)108+8MtMeitnerium(268)109NiNickel[Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²58.69328+4+3+2+1−11.88737.1CuCopper[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹63.54629+4+3+2+11.90745.5PdPalladium[Kr] 4d¹⁰106.4246+4+22.20804.4AgSilverSilver[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s¹107.8747+3+2+11.93731.0PtPlatinum[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁹ 6s¹195.0878+6+5+4+22.28870.0AuGold[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹196.9779+5+3+2+1−12.54890.1DsDarmstadtium(271)110RgRoentgeniumRoentgenium(272)111ZnZinc[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s²65.3830+21.65906.4GaGallium[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹69.72331+3+2+11.81578.8CdCadmium[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s²112.4148+21.69867.8InIndium[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p¹114.8249+3+2+11.78558.3HgMercuryMercury[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s²200.5980+4+2+12.001007.1TlThallium[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p¹204.3881+3+11.62589.4CnCopernicium(285)112NhNihonium(284)113GeGermanium[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p²72.63032+4+3+2+1−42.01762.0AsArsenic[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p³74.92233+5+3+2−32.18947.0SnTin[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p²118.7150+4+2−41.96708.6SbAntimony[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p³121.7651+5+3−32.05834.0PbLead[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p²207.282+4+2−42.33715.6BiBismuth[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³208.9883+5+3−32.02703.0FlFleroviumFlerovium(289)114McMoscovium(288)115SeSelenium[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁴78.97134+6+4+2−22.55941.0BrBromine[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵79.90435+7+5+4+3+1−12.961139.9TeTellurium[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁴127.6052+6+5+4+2−22.10869.3IIodine[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁵126.9053+7+5+3+1−12.661008.4PoPolonium[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁴(210)84+6+4+2−22.00812.1AtAstatine[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁵(210)85+1−12.20890.0LvLivermorium(292)116TsTennessine117KrKrypton[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶83.798363.001350.8XeXenon[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶131.29542.60RnRadon[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁶(220)861037.0OgOganessonOganesson(294)118BBoron1s² 2s² 2p¹10.815+3+2+12.04800.6AlAluminium[Ne] 3s² 3p¹26.98213+3+11.61577.5CCarbon1s² 2s² 2p²12.0116+4+3+2+1−1−2−3−42.551086.5NNitrogen1s² 2s² 2p³14.0077+5+4+3+2+1−1−2−33.041402.3SiSilicon[Ne] 3s² 3p²28.08514+4+3+2+1−1−2−3−41.90786.5PPhosphorus[Ne] 3s² 3p³30.97415+5+4+3+2+1−1−2−32.191011.8OOxygen1s² 2s² 2p⁴15.9998+2+1−1−23.441313.9FFluorine1s² 2s² 2p⁵18.9989−13.981681.0SSulfur[Ne] 3s² 3p⁴32.0616+6+5+4+3+2+1−1−22.58999.6Chlorine[Ne] 3s² 3p⁵35.4517+7+6+5+4+3+2+1−13.161251.2NeNeon1s² 2s² 2p⁶20.180102080.7ArArgon[Ne] 3s² 3p⁶39.948181520.6HeHelium1s²4.002622372.31170.4+8+6+4+2+2654789101112131415161718(294)[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁴ 7s²[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁵ 7s²[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁶ 7s²[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁷ 7s²[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁸ 7s²[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d⁹ 7s²[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s²[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p¹[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p²[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p³[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁴[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁵[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁶NSNSSNSN2-_O_e_e_e_e_e_e_e_e_e_e_Mg_e_e_e_e_e_e_e_e_e_e_e_eMercuryEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptuneVenus

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“The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing.” - Albert Einstein

Einstein, A. (1956). Investigations on the Theory of Brownian Movement

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